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A virtual machine or VM is a software-based emulation of a physical computer. It enables you to run multiple OS on a single physical machine (host machine). Here are some key concepts related to VMs: 1. Hypervisor (Bare-metal and hosted) is the core component that enables the creation and management of VMs. 2. Guest Operating System: Each VM runs its own operating system (guest operating system); this can be different from the host operating system. 3. Isolation: VMs provide isolation between the guest operating systems. Activities within one machine generally do not affect the others or the host system. 4. Resource Allocation: Hypervisors manage the allocation of physical resources (CPU, memory, storage) among VMs, ensuring fair usage and preventing from monopolizing resources to one. 5. Migration: Some machines support live migration, allowing them to be moved from one physical host to another without downtime. 6. Use Cases: Development and Testing: Software development and testing, allowing developers to work in isolated environments are some of the most important applications of VMs. Server Consolidation: Running multiple machines on a single physical server, reducing hardware costs and increasing resource utilization are among other VM benefits. Legacy Application Support: VMs can run older or incompatible software on modern hardware. Cloud Computing: Many cloud services utilize virtualization to offer scalable and flexible computing resources. Virtual machines have become a fundamental technology in data centers, cloud computing, and various IT environments due to their flexibility, efficiency, and ease of management.